Topographical maps are an essential tool for hikers and prospectors, as they provide detailed information about the terrain and features of an area. One of the key features of topographical maps is the use of a grid system that is based on the township, range, and section system.

The township, range, and section system is a way of dividing land into smaller units for the purpose of identification and description. The system is based on the Public Land Survey System (PLSS), which was developed in the United States in the late 1700s.

Under the PLSS, the land is divided into large units called townships, which are typically six miles on a side. Each township is further divided into 36 smaller units called sections, which are one mile on a side. The sections are numbered from 1 to 36, starting in the northeast corner of the township and proceeding west and then south.

The townships are also numbered, with each township being given a number that corresponds to its location relative to a reference point. For example, a township might be described as being located in the "T1N R11W" section of the PLSS, which means that it is the first township north of the reference point, and the eleventh township west of the reference point.

On a topographical map, the township, range, and section system is used to provide a precise location for features on the map. For example, a mountain or other feature might be described as being located in the "NW 1/4, NE 1/4, Sec. 18, T1N R11W" section of the map, which means that it is located in the northwest quarter of the northeast quarter of section 18, in the first township north and the eleventh township west of the reference point.

For hikers and prospectors, the township, range, and section system can be an important tool for navigating and orienting themselves in the field. By using the information provided on the map, they can determine their precise location and navigate to their destination with greater accuracy and confidence. The system is also useful for identifying specific areas of interest, such as mineral deposits or other resources, and can help prospectors to plan and execute their activities more effectively.

Overall, the township, range, and section system is an important feature of topographical maps, and is essential for hikers and prospectors who need to navigate and orient themselves in the field. By providing a precise and reliable way of identifying locations, the system can be a valuable tool for anyone who is exploring the outdoors. Be sure to read Introduction to Topographical Maps for more information.